Geopolitical Resilience: A Central Bank Perspective

Geopolitical tensions increasingly materialise in the cyber domain, directly affecting financial stability, critical infrastructures and public institutions. For central banks, this creates a unique resilience challenge that spans monetary policy, financial supervision and internal operations.

European Security: Technological Innovation in Warfare

Since Russian forces launched their full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the war has caused immense human suffering and fundamentally altered Europe’s security landscape. Ukrainian sovereignty has been sustained through unprecedented and costly technological innovation and adaptation on the battlefield. The widespread use of drones and other uncrewed systems, the digitisation of command structures, cyber capabilities, and […]

Exploitation at the seams: hybrid threats

The boundary between cybercrime and state-sponsored cyber operations has never been more contested or more consequential. With the ever increasing impact of cyber incidents, fueled by a broad range of increasingly hybrid adversaries, we are facing a multifaceted problem. The mingling of criminal and state actors comes with significant challenges, especially how the Dutch cyber […]

The pre-intrusion layer

Most security teams are not blind to influence operations. They see the signals, but they see them late: content already spreading, impersonation already live, narratives amplified. By then, the early-stage indicators – cloned domains, coordinated account creation, AI-generated content being tested – have been visible for weeks on platforms their security stack doesn’t collect from. […]

Follow the Trail: Crypto Sanctions Evasion

States increasingly pursue their geopolitical objectives through non-military means — including front companies, sanctions-busting supply chains, proxy networks, and covert financing. Cryptocurrency has become a critical enabler of this architecture: state-backed actors are now building and exploiting financial and crypto platforms specifically designed to circumvent sanctions regimes, funnelling illicit virtual asset flows through jurisdictions that […]